Included in the building works was material to build gas chambers, crematoria and morgues. Inside the Third Reich (German: Erinnerungen, "Memories") is a memoir written by Albert Speer, the Nazi Minister of Armaments from 1942 to 1945, serving as Adolf Hitler's main architect before this period. 1971. This was probably the start of the downfall of the Reich. In 1918, moved to Schloss-Wolfsbrunnenweg, Heidelberg, Germany. Despite this opposition, the two married in Berlin on 28 August 1928; seven years elapsed before Margarete was invited to stay at her in-laws' home. [86] On 1 August 1944, Speer merged the Fighter Staff into a newly formed Armament Staff committee. [155] In addition to the myth that he was an apolitical technocrat, he claimed he did not have full knowledge of the Holocaust or the persecution of the Jews. Speer's father ran one of the more prosperous architecture firms in the area. [164] Even so, public perceptions of Speer did not change substantially until Heinrich Breloer aired a biographical film on TV in 2004. "It is not charity; I don't like that . [160] This construction was accepted almost at face value by historian Hugh Trevor-Roper when investigating the death of Adolf Hitler for British Intelligence and in writing The Last Days of Hitler. [23][24], In the English version of his memoirs, Speer says that his political commitment merely consisted of paying his "monthly dues". Men da Moritz Schramm var barn, var det et andet blik, han havde p morfaren. [60] It did not immediately dawn on his political rivals that his calls for rationalization and reorganization were hiding his desire to sideline them and take control. [162], After Speer's death, Matthias Schmidt published a book that demonstrated that Speer had ordered the eviction of Jews from their Berlin homes. Then it was too late; Germany had been destroyed. He also cites the use of the V-2 as a terror weapon, rather than continued development of the ground-to-air defensive Waterfall rocket. BERLIN When Hilde Schramm inherited several paintings collected by her father, Hitler's chief architect and Armaments Minister Albert Speer, she was only sure of one thing: she did not want. Berthold Konrad Hermann Albert Speer (/pr/; German: [pe] (listen); 19 March 1905 1 September 1981) was a German architect who served as the Minister of Armaments and War Production in Nazi Germany during most of World War II. [50], As Germany started World War II in Europe, Speer instituted quick-reaction squads to construct roads or clear away debris; before long, these units would be used to clear bomb sites. Das Cytoskelett; Vergleich Pflanzenzelle - Tierzelle: Unterschiede und Gemeinsamkeiten; Vergleich der Eigenschaften von prokaryotischen und eukaryotischen Zellen FC Bayern Munich opens a new sports complex with a youth academy planned by AS+P. He goes on to say that at the Nuremberg Trial he stated he "had to share the total responsibility for all that had happened", and that he "was inescapably contaminated morally". He admitted only to being uncomfortable around Jews in the published version of the Spandau Diaries. He used his writings from the time of imprisonment as the basis for two autobiographical books, Inside the Third Reich and Spandau: The Secret Diaries. [171] Brechtken said Speer only admitted to a generalized responsibility for the Holocaust to hide his direct and actual responsibility. Speer joined the National Socialist Party in January 1931; he wrote "I was not choosing the NSDAP, but becoming a follower of Hitler, whose magnetic force had reached out to me the first time I saw him and had not, thereafter, released me." In 1944, this became endemic; over half a million workers were arrested. Stars Laurence Olivier Averell Harriman Albert Speer See production, box office & company info Search on Amazon search for Blu-ray and DVD Add to Watchlist 120 User reviews 5 Critic reviews Top rated TV #14 all Albert Speer wanted was to feel important. Neither the organizers nor Rudolf Hess were willing to decide whether to approve the plans, and Hess sent Speer to Hitler's Munich apartment to seek his approval. [43] The building itself was hailed by Hitler as the "crowning glory of the greater German political empire". [177] The rational position to adopt was to seek a political solution that would end the war without defeat. [123] Wolters raised a total of DM158,000 for Speer over the final seventeen years of his sentence. Another myth posits that Speer revolutionized the German war machine after his appointment as Minister of Armaments. Want to Read. Albert Speer (1905-1981) was a trained architect. A close ally of Adolf Hitler, he was convicted at the Nuremberg trials and sentenced to 20 years in prison. It is considered to be one of the most detailed descriptions of the inner workings and leadership of Nazi Germany but is controversial because of Speer's lack of discussion of Nazi . [176] Speer is mentioned several times in the speech, and Himmler addresses him directly. The battle is infamous as one of the largest . His father, the son and grandson of architects, had joined the Nazi party in 1931 and soon . Nazi armaments minister Albert Speer's younger brother Ernst was trapped in the Kessel, lying in a freezing stable without walls, gravely ill with jaundice. [citation needed], At the Nuremberg Trials, Speer was sentenced to 20 years in prison for his use of prisoners in the armaments factories while Minister of Armaments. Described by associates as ice cold. Speer was appalled by this order, and persuaded several key military and political leaders to ignore it. "[2] A review by Kirkus Reviews on 27 August 1970 stated, "Speer's portrayals of the Nazi leadership, of the constant intrigues and rivalries among Hitler's entourage, and of Hitler himself, his histrionic virulence, his banality, and his peculiar magic, are engrossing and revealing. While they were there his friend, Nazi Party official Karl Hanke recommended the young architect to Joseph Goebbels to help renovate the Party's Berlin headquarters. Albert Speer, Germany Architect. The Fhrer emerges as neither an incompetent nor a carpetgnawing madman but as an evil genius of warped concepts endowed with an ineffable personal magic. Albert Speer, (born March 19, 1905, Mannheim, Baden, Germanydied September 1, 1981, London, England), German architect who was Adolf Hitler's chief architect (1933-45) and minister for armaments and war production (1942-45). He lost Hitler's unconditional support and began to lose power. [41] He completed the preliminary work for the new chancellery by May 1936. [168] Speer also falsely claimed that he had realised the war was lost at an early stage, and thereafter worked to preserve the resources needed for the civilian population's survival. [118] On 1 October 1946, he was sentenced to 20 years' imprisonment. Speer has paid his penance for his part of the inner circle and had come to the realization of Germany's reality during WWII. Speer was born in Mannheim, Germany on March 19, 1905, to Luise and Albert. [83] His political rivals used the opportunity to undermine his authority and damage his reputation with Hitler. He was charged with planning for war, planning a war of aggression, crimes against peace and crimes against humanity. On one such business trip, Speer's friend and close associate Hans Stephan unexpectedly found himself on the frontlines of war, an account he would later publish as Niederlndisches Tagebuch [Dutch Diary].The 38-year-old senior manager of GBI's planning department was on a multicity lecture tour to discuss "building in the new Germany and the redesign of the Reich capital." As an example, he wanted to be given power over all armaments issues under Hermann Gring's Four Year Plan. For the record, Ernst Speer is discussed at p. 336 in Beevor's "Stalingrad" (Penguin 2007), The Dieter Zinke Axis Biographical Research Section, Life in the Third Reich & Weimar Republic, Kriegsmarine surface ships and Kriegsmarine in general, Luftwaffe air units and Luftwaffe in general, German Strategy & General German Military Discussion, NSDAP, other party organizations & Government, The Dieter Zinke Axis Biographical Research Section, The Ron Klages Panzer & other vehicles Section, Panzer & other vehicles - Photo threads, Axis Documents, Feldpost numbers, Postcards & Other Paper Items, The United Kingdom & its Empire and Commonwealth 1919-45, The Allies and the Neutral States in general, German Colonies and Overseas Expeditions, The end of the Ottoman Empire 1908-1923, Translation help: Breaking the Sound Barrier. For Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, AS+P completes the planning of the Ministry of Commerce and Investment (MCI). See answer (1) Copy. [8] In 1924, when the crisis had abated, he transferred to the "much more reputable" Technical University of Munich. Speer asked Wolters to destroy the material he had omitted from his donation but Wolters refused and retained an original copy. His sentence of twenty years amounted to 7,305 days, which only allotted one and a half days per book. body was never found or returned to the family and there are some Before that, Speer worked as the chief architect in Hitler's Nazi . [90] By this time, 140,000 people were working in Speer's underground factories. Die Zelle. I presumably had a sense of somber events. by. The exterior walls survived, but they were eventually dismantled by the Soviets. Speer, Jr., an eighty-two-year-old with a perennially serious expression and a fondness for energetic hand motions, is one of Germany's best-known urban planners. [79] This belief proved incorrect, and Speer and Merker's attempt to build the Kriegsmarine's new generation of submarines, the Type XXI and Type XXIII, as prefabricated sections at different facilities rather than at single dockyards contributed to the failure of this strategically important program. [100] Speer gained control over the railways in February, and asked Heinrich Himmler to supply concentration camp prisoners to work on their repair. The family learned of this through some letters Ernst sent. [150], He had remained married to his wife, but he had formed a relationship with a German woman living in London and was with her at the time of his death. By July 1943 Speer's armaments propaganda became irrelevant because a catalogue of dramatic defeats on the battlefield meant the prospect of losing the war could no longer be hidden from the German public. he is one of Germany's top architects. [125] He had completed his memoirs by November 1953, which became the basis of Inside the Third Reich. Albert Einstein lived in the USA, so was not where the holocaust "[115] Speer's attorney, Hans Flchsner, successfully contrasted Speer from other defendants[116] and portrayed him as an artist thrust into political life who had always remained a non-ideologue. Secured early release from prison, became a media celebrity and successfully cultivated the "clean Speer" myth. The oldest brother turned into a thorn in his youger brother Berthold Konrad Hermann Albert Speer ( Mannheim, 19. oujka 1905. Prisoners worked for Junkers, Messerschmitt, Henschel and BMW, among others. "[48] Matthias Schmidt said Speer had personally inspected concentration camps and described his comments as an "outright farce". Yet each showed comparable increases in production despite not being under Speer's control. [141] He found himself unable to re-establish a relationship with his children, even with his son Albert who had also become an architect. [92] The rockets were built at an underground factory at Mittelwerk. Under his leadership, the Nazis implemented a brutal regime of slave labour in armaments factories across Germany. [77], Speer and his hand-picked director of submarine construction Otto Merker believed that the shipbuilding industry was being held back by outdated methods, and revolutionary new approaches imposed by outsiders would dramatically improve output. Speer with his children Albert and Hilde, front, and Margret, Arnold and Fritz, back. For early access to our videos, discounted merch and many other exclusive perks please support us as a Patron or Member.Patreon: http://www.patreon.com/the. Speer, Albert (1905-81). Discussions on the personalities of the Wehrmacht and of the organizations not covered in the other sections. [158] Speer, Siedler and Fest had constructed a masterpiece; the image of the "good Nazi" remained in place for decades, despite historical evidence indicating that it was false. [167] Brechtken wrote that his most brazen lie was fabricated during an interview with a French journalist in 1952. [183], This article is about the Nazi minister. Concerned about retaining power, he did not appoint a deputy and continued to direct work of the Armaments Ministry from his bedside. Speer studied at the technical schools in Karlsruhe, Munich, and Berlin, and acquired an architectural license in 1927. Speer's full length portrait of Hitler has unnerving reality. During his life, he worked on redesigning city centers of . Victoria married. Instead, development turned to a "uranium motor", for use in the navy's submarines. Despite his opposition to the 20 July plot, he falsely claimed in his memoirs to have been sympathetic to the plotters. albert speers younger brother ernst was killed at Stalingrad [129] To make his daily walks around the garden more engaging Speer embarked on an imaginary trip around the globe. Speer described the personalities of many Nazi officials, including Joseph Goebbels, Hermann Gring, Heinrich Himmler, Rudolf Hess, Martin Bormann, and, of course, Hitler himself. [146] Adam Tooze in his book The Wages of Destruction said Speer had manoeuvred himself through the ranks of the regime skillfully and ruthlessly and that the idea he was a technocrat blindly carrying out orders was "absurd". On 27 January 1938, Speer received plenipotentiary powers from Hitler to finish the new chancellery by 1 January 1939. Reporters and photographers crowded both the street outside Spandau and the lobby of the Hotel Berlin where Speer spent the night. He continued to deny explicit knowledge of, and responsibility for the Holocaust. Speer liked the scenario so much that he wrote it into his memoirs. [112], Speer was taken to several internment centres for Nazi officials and interrogated. Fordonsmklarna Blocket, Kpop Groups That Start With Y, Arbetsgivardeklaration Individuppgift, What Happened To Katelyn Thornley, Josh Kesselman Net Worth 2020, How To Install Samsung Notes On Huawei, Finland Immigration For Skilled Workers, Albert Speer Brother Stalingrad, Ambulanshelikopter Pilot Ln, Ortopediska Arbetsskor, Raskatter Omplacering, Ekonomi Och Redovisningsassistent . [81], In response to the Allied Big Week, Adolf Hitler authorized the creation of a Fighter Staff committee. He was more forthright in an interview with William Hamsher in which he said he joined the party in order to save "Germany from Communism". After his release on 1 October 1966, he used Federal Archive documents to rework the material into his autobiography. [81] He was under the dubious care of Professor Karl Gebhardt at a medical clinic called Hohenlychen where patients "mysteriously failed to survive". [44] The chancellery was completed in early January 1939. [37] Speer hired Wolters as part of his design team, with special responsibility for the Prachtstrasse. While dozens of submarines were built, few ever entered service. He had claimed that he was unaware of Nazi extermination plans, and the Allies had no proof that he was aware. The public was fascinated by an inside view of the Third Reich and a major war criminal became a popular figure almost overnight. Po vlce byl bhem Norimberskho procesu odsouzen jako vlen zloinec ke 20 letm vzen. [72] Hitler gave Sauckel a free hand to obtain labor, something that delighted Speer, who had requested 1,000,000 "voluntary" laborers to meet the need for armament workers. Air attacks on the transport network were particularly effective, as they cut the main centres of production off from essential coal supplies. This allowed an extra 300 huts to be built at Auschwitz, increasing the total human capacity to 132,000. "[4] Martin Kitchen's 2015 biography of Speer comes to much the same conclusion. He has risen to the top of the . In 1942, he was named Minister of Armaments and Munitions, assuming significant responsibility for the German war economy. Three days later, he also proposed to Hitler that Germany's remaining military resources be concentrated along the Rhine and Vistula rivers in an attempt to prolong the fighting. [1]:506,699701. Efforts were made and a search of Ernst's unit ended in failure. Albert Speer Jr. was born on July 29, 1934, one year after Hitler had consolidated power in Germany. Naval armaments were not under Speer's supervision until October 1943, nor the Luftwaffe's armaments until June of the following year. Speer's desperate mother called Speer . [156] Speer took his myth-making to a mass media level and his "cunning apologies" were reproduced frequently in post-war Germany. [75] By April 1943, Sauckel had supplied 1,568,801 "voluntary" laborers, forced laborers, prisoners of war and concentration camp prisoners to Speer for use in his armaments factories. [158] Kitchen said he had deceived the Nuremberg Tribunal and post-war Germany. Son of Albert Friedrich Speer and Luise Mathilde Wilhelmine (Hommel) Speer. [108] On 29 April, the day before committing suicide, Hitler dictated a final political testament which dropped Speer from the successor government. By the autumn of 1942 however, the estimated period for developing a weapon had increased to three to four years, much too long to affect the war. Adam Tooze wrote in The Wages of Destruction that the idea that Speer was an apolitical technocrat was "absurd". This criticism is mainly presented by the documentary film "Speer Goes to Hollywood" by the director Vanessa Lapa. [10] After passing his exams in 1927, Speer became Tessenow's assistant, a high honor for a man of 22. He studied under Bestelmeyer, Billing, and Tessenow, and rose to prominence on the death of Troost, becoming Adolf Hitler's (1889-1945) friend, confidant, and architect from 1934.His interest in archaeology led him to evolve a style of architecture that would be as expressive as anything left by Ancient Rome, and his . [126] In Spandau Diaries, Speer aimed to present himself as a tragic hero who had made a Faustian bargain for which he endured a harsh prison sentence. The Speer houses are on the right side. The SS called this "Professor Speer's Special Programme". [69], As head of Organisation Todt, Speer was directly involved in the construction and alteration of concentration camps. alberts side and was generally desribed as a wastrel. His sister's name was Carrie. Under Sereny's relentless questioning, Speer explored the past, trying to discover the truth which he had unconsciously kept hidden even from himself. Speer returned to London in 1981 to participate in the BBC Newsnight programme. 46.104 since 1942 - according to himself he declined all Ehrenrnge offered, but in the end accepted the Rank of a SS-Mann. Speer's Heidelberg school offered rugby football, unusual for Germany, skiing, and Speer was a participant. His brothers names were Charles, Albert, Louis (Ludwig), and Before World War II, Speer helped propel the Nazi vision of grandeur and superiority. After one of these briefings, Hitler invited Speer to lunch, to the architect's great excitement. The journalist described an invented scenario in which Speer had refused Hitler's orders and Hitler had left with tears in his eyes. Der er bare lige den hage ved Moritz Schramms morfar, at han var den kendte topnazist Albert Speer fra Hitlers inderkreds, og at han i dag anses for at vre en af Anden Verdenskrigs helt store forbrydere. Progress was slow because fuel was rationed and Army Group A were given priority. Speer, imenovan tudi prvi arhitekt Tretjega rajha , je bil Hitlerjev glavni arhitekt v nacistini Nemiji, leta 1942 pa je v Hitlerjevem kabinetu postal minister za oboroitev. [9] In 1925, he transferred again, this time to the Technical University of Berlin where he studied under Heinrich Tessenow, whom Speer greatly admired. [77] His close relationship with Hitler provided him with political protection, and he was able to outwit and outmaneuver his rivals in the regime. Inside the Third Reich begins with an account of Speer's childhood, followed by a description of his role as Heinrich Tessenow's assistant at the Technical University of Berlin. Speer's mother asked Albert to do something to get Ernst out. In the aftermath of the Night of the Long Knives, he had been commissioned to renovate the Borsig Palace on the corner of Vostrae and Wilhelmstrae as headquarters of the Sturmabteilung (SA). [174] Heinrich Breloer, discussing the construction of Auschwitz, said Speer was not just a cog in the workhe was the "terror itself". [58] Characteristically Hitler did not give Speer any clear remit; he was left to fight his contemporaries in the regime for power and control. The second season of the PBS series looks at Hitler's planning and the battle that would ultimately cripple the Third Reich. I myself must carry this out. [123], In 1949, Wolters opened a bank account for Speer and began fundraising among those architects and industrialists who had benefited from Speer's activities during the war. Invented scenario in which Speer had personally inspected concentration camps accepted the of. 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